CHAPTER IX
PESTALOZZI AND EDUCATION AS DEVELOPMENT

THE happiest educational results of Rousseau came
through Pestalozzi Rousseau had shattered the eight-
eenth-century temple of despotism, privilege, and hypoc-
risy, but it remained for Pestalozzi to erect a more
enduring structure out of the ruins. It was Pestalozzi
that developed the negative and inconsistent naturalism
of the Emile into a positive attempt to reform corrupt
society by proper education and a new method of teach-
ing.

The Earlier Life of Pestalozzi

Pestaiozzi's But to understand the significance of the experiments,
eary gaming ^j^g^ an(j pr{ncjpies Of fife ^dely beloved reformer,

one must ma^e a brief study of his life and surroundings.
J°hann Beinrich Pestalozzi was born at Zurich in 1746.
made Mm Through the death of his father, he was brought up from
sensitive and to ' 6 r
unpractical, early childhood almost altogether by his mother. She
was a woman of great unselfishness and genuine piety,
and her training had a lasting influence upon his educa-
tional ideals. From this experience in great measure
must have come his later ideas that the home, as a center
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